In 2022, the most powerful volcanic eruption of the satellite era occurred — the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai eruption.
A new international report shows that a record amount of water vapor was injected into the stratosphere — its volume increased by approximately 10%, and part of it still remains in the atmosphere.
Scientists confirm:
▪️ the eruption did not cause the record heat of 2023–2024;
▪️ its impact on Earth's surface climate was minimal;
▪️ satellite, aerological, and ground-based observations played a key role.
It is precisely such observations that national hydrometeorological services, including RSE “Kazhydromet,” conduct daily, ensuring safety and providing scientific understanding of climate processes.
